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Test Bank for American Politics Today, Essentials Fourth Edition

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Test Bank for American Politics Today, Essentials Fourth Edition

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Product Details:

  • ISBN-10 ‏ : ‎ 0393906191
  • ISBN-13 ‏ : ‎ 978-0393906196
  • Author:  William T. Bianco, David T. Canon

The Essentials Fourth Edition of American Politics Today helps students understand the conflicts and compromises inherent in politics and allows them to practice applying that understanding to the debates and controversies they encounter in the news. With combined public opinion and media chapters, and social and economic policy chapters, this edition is jam-packed with pivotal topics that will help students see how institutions and political processes really work.

 

Table of Content:

  1. PART I: FOUNDATIONS
  2. 1. UNDERSTANDING AMERICAN POLITICS
  3. Making Sense of American Government and Politics
  4. Why Do We Have a Government?
  5. Forms of Government
  6. What Is Politics?
  7. Politics Is Conflictual
  8. Political Process Matters
  9. Politics Is Everywhere
  10. Sources of Conflict in American Politics
  11. Economic Interests
  12. Cultural Values
  13. Racial, Gender, and Ethnic Differences
  14. Ideology
  15. Resolving Conflict: Democracy and American Political Values
  16. Conclusion
  17. STUDY GUIDE
  18. 2. THE CONSTITUTION AND THE FOUNDING
  19. The Historical Context of the Constitution
  20. The Articles of Confederation: The First Attempt at Government
  21. Political Theories of the Framers
  22. Economic Interests
  23. The Politics of Compromise at the Constitutional Convention
  24. Majority Rule versus Minority Rights
  25. Small States versus Large States
  26. Legislative Power versus Executive Power
  27. National Power versus State and Local Power
  28. Slave States versus Nonslave States
  29. Ratification
  30. The Antifederalists’ Concerns
  31. The Federalists’ Strategies
  32. The Constitution: A Framework for Government
  33. Exclusive Powers
  34. Shared Powers
  35. Negative or Checking Powers
  36. Is the Constitution a “Living” Document?
  37. Ambiguity
  38. Changing the Constitution
  39. Multiple Interpreters
  40. Conclusion
  41. STUDY GUIDE
  42. 3. FEDERALISM
  43. What Is Federalism and Why Does It Matter?
  44. Levels of Government and Their Degrees of Autonomy
  45. A Comparative Perspective
  46. Balancing National and State Power in the Constitution
  47. A Strong National Government
  48. State Powers and Limits on National Power
  49. Clauses that Favor Both Perspectives
  50. The Evolving Concept of Federalism
  51. The Early Years
  52. Dual Federalism
  53. Cooperative Federalism
  54. Federalism Today
  55. Cooperative Federalism Lives On: Fiscal Federalism
  56. The Rise of Coercive Federalism
  57. The States Fight Back
  58. Fighting for States’ Rights: The Role of the Modern Supreme Court
  59. Assessing Federalism
  60. Ideological Complexities
  61. Advantages of a Strong Role for the States
  62. Disadvantages of Too Much State Power
  63. Conclusion
  64. STUDY GUIDE
  65. 4. CIVIL LIBERTIES
  66. Defining Civil Liberties
  67. Balancing Interests
  68. Drawing Lines
  69. The Origins of Civil Liberties
  70. Origins of the Bill of Rights
  71. Selective Incorporation and the Fourteenth Amendment
  72. Freedom of Religion
  73. The Establishment Clause and Separation of Church and State
  74. The Free Exercise Clause
  75. Freedom of Speech, Assembly, and the Press
  76. Generally Protected Expression
  77. Less Protected Speech and Publications
  78. The Right to Bear Arms
  79. Law, Order, and the Rights of Criminal Defendants
  80. The Fourth Amendment: Unreasonable Searches and Seizures
  81. The Fifth Amendment: Self-Incrimination
  82. The Sixth Amendment: The Right to Legal Counsel and a Jury Trial
  83. The Eighth Amendment: Cruel and Unusual Punishment
  84. Privacy Rights
  85. Abortion Rights
  86. Gay Rights
  87. Conclusion
  88. STUDY GUIDE
  89. 5. CIVIL RIGHTS
  90. The Context of Civil Rights
  91. African Americans
  92. Native Americans, Latinos, and Asian Americans
  93. Women and Civil Rights
  94. Gays and Lesbians
  95. A Color-Blind Society?
  96. The Racial Divide Today
  97. Differences in Voting Access
  98. Socioeconomic Indicators
  99. Criminal Justice and Hate Crimes
  100. Key Players in the Conflict Over Civil Rights
  101. The Courts
  102. Congress
  103. The President
  104. Civil Rights Issues Today
  105. Affirmative Action
  106. Multicultural Issues
  107. Conclusion
  108. STUDY GUIDE
  109. PART II: POLITICS
  110. 6. PUBLIC OPINION
  111. What Is Public Opinion?
  112. Early Theories of Public Opinion
  113. Contemporary Theory of Public Opinion
  114. How People Form Opinions
  115. Personal Knowledge and Considerations
  116. Where Do Opinions Come From?
  117. Socialization: Family and Communities
  118. Events
  119. Group Identity
  120. Politicians and Other Political Actors
  121. Measuring Public Opinion
  122. Problems in Measuring Public Opinion
  123. How Useful Are Surveys?
  124. Characteristics of American Public Opinion
  125. Ideological Polarization
  126. Evaluations of Government and Officeholders
  127. Policy Preferences
  128. Does Public Opinion Matter?
  129. Public Opinion Is Relevant
  130. Public Opinion Can Influence Government
  131. Conclusion
  132. STUDY GUIDE
  133. 7. THE MEDIA
  134. The News Media in America
  135. Historical Overview
  136. Media Sources
  137. Political Reporting: Sources, Leaks, and Shield Laws
  138. Staging the News
  139. Revealing Sources
  140. How Do Americans Use the Media to Learn about Politics?
  141. Does the Source Matter?
  142. Media Effects on American Citizens and Government Policy
  143. Theories of Media Influence
  144. Assessing Media Coverage of American Politics
  145. Media Bias
  146. Where Else Does Media Coverage Fall Short?
  147. The Effect of Market Forces
  148. Conclusion
  149. STUDY GUIDE
  150. 8. POLITICAL PARTIES
  151. What Are Political Parties?
  152. History of American Political Parties
  153. The Evolution of American Political Parties
  154. Realignments
  155. Modern American Political Parties
  156. The Party Organization
  157. The Party in Government
  158. The Party in the Electorate
  159. The Role of Political Parties in American Politics
  160. Organizing Elections
  161. Cooperation in Government
  162. Minor Parties
  163. Effects on Election Outcomes
  164. Unique Issues Facing Minor Parties
  165. What Kind of Democracy Do American Political Parties Create?
  166. Recruiting Good Candidates
  167. Working Together in Campaigns
  168. Working Together in Office
  169. Providing Accountability
  170. Citizens’ Behavior
  171. Conclusion
  172. STUDY GUIDE
  173. 9. ELECTIONS
  174. How Do American Elections Work?
  175. Functions of Elections
  176. Two Stages of Elections
  177. Constituencies: Who Chooses Representatives?
  178. Presidential Elections
  179. Electoral Campaigns
  180. Setting the Stage
  181. Before the Campaign
  182. The General Election Campaign
  183. Campaign Advertising: Getting the Word Out
  184. Campaign Finance
  185. How Do Voters Decide?
  186. The Decision to Vote
  187. How Do People Vote?
  188. Voting in Normal and Nationalized Elections
  189. Understanding the 2014 Election
  190. The Path to 2014: The 2010 and 2012 Elections
  191. Analyzing the 2014 Elections
  192. Conclusion
  193. STUDY GUIDE
  194. 10. INTEREST GROUPS
  195. The Interest Group Universe
  196. The Business of Lobbying
  197. Organizational Structures
  198. Staff
  199. Membership
  200. Resources
  201. Getting Organized
  202. The Logic of Collective Action
  203. Interest Group Strategies
  204. Inside Strategies
  205. Outside Strategies
  206. Choosing Strategies
  207. How Much Power Do Interest Groups Have?
  208. What Determines When Interest Groups Succeed?
  209. How Groups Succeed
  210. Conclusion
  211. STUDY GUIDE
  212. PART III: INSTITUTIONS
  213. 11. CONGRESS
  214. Congress’s Place in Our Constitutional System
  215. Congress and the People
  216. Representation and the Constituency
  217. The Electoral Connection
  218. Redistricting
  219. Congress’s Image Problem
  220. The Incumbency Advantage and Its Sources
  221. In the District: Home Style
  222. Campaign Fund-Raising
  223. Constituency Service
  224. The Structure of Congress
  225. Informal Structures
  226. Formal Structures
  227. How a Bill Becomes a Law
  228. The Conventional Process
  229. Deviations From the Conventional Process
  230. Differences in the House and Senate Legislative Processes
  231. Oversight
  232. Congressional Reform
  233. Conclusion
  234. STUDY GUIDE
  235. 12. THE PRESIDENCY
  236. Presidential Power: Yesterday and Today
  237. Early Years through World War I
  238. The Great Depression through the Present
  239. The President’s Job Description
  240. Head of the Executive Branch
  241. The President as Politician
  242. Presidential Succession
  243. The Executive Branch
  244. The Executive Office of the President
  245. The Vice President
  246. The President’s Cabinet
  247. The American Public and the President
  248. Gauging Presidential Popularity
  249. Explaining Presidential Approval
  250. Assessing Presidential Power
  251. Presidents and Unilateral Action
  252. Control over the Interpretation and Implementation of Laws
  253. Congressional Responses to Unilateral Action
  254. Conclusion
  255. STUDY GUIDE
  256. 13. THE BUREAUCRACY
  257. What Is the Federal Bureaucracy?
  258. What Do Bureaucrats Do?
  259. Bureaucratic Expertise and Its Consequences
  260. How Has the American Bureaucracy Grown?
  261. The Beginning of America’s Bureaucracy
  262. Building a New American State: The Progressive Era
  263. The New Deal, the Great Society, and the Reagan Revolution
  264. The Modern Federal Bureaucracy
  265. The Structure of the Federal Government
  266. The Size of the Federal Government
  267. The Human Face of the Bureaucracy
  268. Civil Service Regulations
  269. Limits on Political Activity
  270. Political Appointees and the Senior Executive Service
  271. Controlling the Bureaucracy
  272. Agency Organization
  273. Monitoring
  274. Correcting Violations
  275. The Consequences of Control
  276. Conclusion
  277. STUDY GUIDE
  278. 14. THE COURTS
  279. The Development of an Independent and Powerful Federal Judiciary
  280. The Founders’ Views of the Courts: The Weakest Branch?
  281. Judicial Review and Marbury v. Madison
  282. Judicial Review in Practice
  283. The American Legal and Judicial System
  284. Court Fundamentals
  285. Structure of the Court and Federalism
  286. How Judges Are Selected
  287. Access to the Supreme Court
  288. The Court’s Workload
  289. Rules of Access
  290. The Court’s Criteria
  291. Internal Politics
  292. Hearing Cases before the Supreme Court
  293. Briefs
  294. Oral Argument
  295. Conference
  296. Opinion Writing
  297. Supreme Court Decision Making
  298. Legal Factors
  299. Political Factors
  300. The Role of the Court as a Policy Maker
  301. Compliance and Implementation
  302. Relations with the Other Branches
  303. Conclusion
  304. STUDY GUIDE
  305. PART IV: POLICY
  306. 15. ECONOMIC POLICY
  307. Goals of Economic Policy
  308. Full Employment
  309. Stable Prices
  310. Promote the Free Market and Growth
  311. Balanced Budgets
  312. Balance of Payments, or the Current Account
  313. Trade-offs between Economic Goals
  314. The Key Players in Economic Policy Making
  315. Congress
  316. The President
  317. The Bureaucracy
  318. How Economic Policy Makers Interact: The 2008 Economic Crisis
  319. Tools and Theories of Economic Policy
  320. Fiscal Policy
  321. Monetary Policy
  322. Regulatory Policy
  323. Trade Policy and the Balance of Payments
  324. The Politics of Trade Policy
  325. Conclusion
  326. STUDY GUIDE
  327. 16. SOCIAL POLICY
  328. The History and Background of Social Policy
  329. Poverty and Income Inequality
  330. The Key Players in Social Policy Making
  331. Congress and the President
  332. The Bureaucracy
  333. The States
  334. Interest Groups
  335. The Policy-Making Process
  336. Social Policy Today
  337. Social Security
  338. Health Care
  339. Income Support and Welfare
  340. Education
  341. Conclusion
  342. STUDY GUIDE
  343. 17. FOREIGN POLICY
  344. What Is Foreign Policy?
  345. Foreign Policy Principles and Perspectives
  346. History of American Foreign Policy
  347. Foreign Policy Makers
  348. The President and the Executive Branch
  349. Congress
  350. The Federal Courts
  351. Groups outside the Federal Government
  352. The Tools of Foreign Policy
  353. Diplomacy
  354. Trade and Economic Policies
  355. Foreign Aid
  356. Alliances and Treaties
  357. Military Force
  358. The Politics of Foreign Policy Today
  359. Managing International Trade: China
  360. Fighting Terrorism: Afghanistan
  361. Preventing the Spread of Weapons of Mass Destruction: North Korea
  362. Conclusion
  363. STUDY GUIDE
  364. APPENDIX
  365. The Declaration of Independence
  366. The Articles of Confederation
  367. The Constitution of the United States of America
  368. Amendments to the Constitution
  369. The Federalist Papers
  370. Glossary
  371. Credits
  372. Index
  373. VOTING REQUIREMENTS*

 

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