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Public Finance in Canada Canadian 5th Edition Rosen Test Bank

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Public Finance in Canada Canadian 5th Edition Rosen Test Bank

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Product Details:

  • ISBN-10 ‏ : ‎ 1259030776
  • ISBN-13 ‏ : ‎ 978-1259030772
  • Author:  Ted Gayer

Market leading Rosen/Wen/Snodden Public Finance in Canada provides a modern treatment of the theory of public finance, and a thorough discussion of empirical issues from a Canadian perspective. Comprehensive yet flexible coverage includes an integrated introduction to tax and expenditure decisions (financing of expenditures in the chapters on health care, education, employment insurance, and public pensions), and extensive analysis of the federal-provincial dimension of the public sector in Canada.
The 5th Canadian Edition incorporates recent developments taking students to the frontiers of current research and policy. McGraw-Hill’s award winning Connect with SmartBook online resource is now available to accompany the 5th Canadian Edition of Rosen Public Finance in Canada, in addition to a wealth of instructor resources to support a wide range of teaching and learning.

 

Table of Content:

  1. Title Page
  2. Copyright Page
  3. About the Authors
  4. Brief Table of Contents
  5. Table of Contents
  6. Preface
  7. Acknowledgements
  8. PART ONE: Introduction
  9. CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION TO PUBLIC FINANCE IN CANADA
  10. Viewpoint of This Book
  11. Canada’s Government at a Glance
  12. The Legal Framework
  13. Federal Government
  14. Provincial and Local Governments
  15. The Size of Government
  16. Accounting Issues
  17. Hidden Costs of Government
  18. Some Numbers
  19. Expenditures
  20. Revenues
  21. Transfers
  22. Changes in the Real Value of Debt
  23. Agenda for Study
  24. Summary
  25. Exercises
  26. Appendix: Doing Research in Public Finance
  27. CHAPTER 2: FUNDAMENTALS OF WELFARE ECONOMICS
  28. Welfare Economics
  29. Pure Exchange Economy
  30. An Economy with Production
  31. The First Fundamental Theorem of Welfare Economics
  32. Fairness and the Second Fundamental Theorem of Welfare Economics
  33. Market Failure
  34. Market Power
  35. Nonexistence of Markets
  36. Overview
  37. Buying into Welfare Economics
  38. Summary
  39. Exercises
  40. CHAPTER 3: COST-BENEFIT ANALYSIS
  41. Economic Efficiency
  42. Distributional Considerations
  43. Present Value
  44. Projecting Present Dollars into the Future
  45. Discounting Future Dollars into the Present
  46. Inflation
  47. Private Sector Project Evaluation
  48. Internal Rate of Return
  49. Benefit-Cost Ratio
  50. Public Sector Discount Rate
  51. Rates Based on Returns in the Private Sector
  52. Social Discount Rate
  53. Valuing Public Benefits and Costs
  54. Market Prices
  55. Adjusted Market Prices
  56. Consumer Surplus
  57. Inferences from Economic Behaviour
  58. Valuing Intangibles
  59. Uncertainty
  60. Games Cost-Benefit Analysts Play
  61. The Chain-Reaction Game
  62. The Labour Game
  63. The Double-Counting Game
  64. An Application
  65. The Impacts of Private Hospital Rooms
  66. Comments
  67. Summary
  68. Exercises
  69. Appendix: Consumer and Producer Surplus
  70. PART TWO: A FRAMEWORK FOR THE ANALYSIS OF PUBLIC EXPENDITURE
  71. CHAPTER 4: PUBLIC GOODS
  72. Public Goods Defined
  73. Efficient Provision of Public Goods
  74. Deriving the Efficiency Condition
  75. Provision of Public Goods Financed by Distortionary Taxation
  76. Problems in Achieving Efficiency
  77. The Free-Rider Problem
  78. The Privatization Debate
  79. Public versus Private Provision
  80. Public versus Private Production
  81. Public Goods and Public Choice
  82. Summary
  83. Exercises
  84. CHAPTER 5: EXTERNALITIES
  85. The Nature of Externalities
  86. Negative Externalities and Economic Inefficiency
  87. Implications
  88. Conclusion
  89. Positive Externalities and Economic Inefficiency
  90. Private Responses to Externalities
  91. Bargaining and the Coase Theorem
  92. Mergers
  93. Social Conventions
  94. Public Responses to Externalities
  95. Taxes and Negative Externalities
  96. Subsidies and Negative Externalities
  97. Emissions Fees and Negative Externalities
  98. A Tradable Permit Scheme and Negative Externalities
  99. Regulation and Negative Externalities
  100. Subsidies and Positive Externalities
  101. Regulation and Positive Externalities
  102. Implications for Income Distribution
  103. Who Benefits?
  104. Who Bears the Costs?
  105. Summary
  106. Exercises
  107. CHAPTER 6: INCOME REDISTRIBUTION
  108. Distribution of Income
  109. Poverty
  110. Interpreting the Data
  111. Rationales for Income Redistribution
  112. Utilitarianism
  113. The Maximin Criterion
  114. Pareto Efficient Income Redistribution
  115. Nonindividualistic Views
  116. Other Considerations
  117. Cash versus In-Kind Transfers
  118. Asymmetric Information
  119. Commodity Egalitarianism
  120. Paternalism
  121. Political Motivations
  122. Conclusion
  123. Summary
  124. Exercises
  125. PART THREE: POLITICAL ECONOMY
  126. CHAPTER 7: PUBLIC CHOICE
  127. Direct Democracy
  128. Unanimity Rules
  129. Majority Voting Rules
  130. Majority Voting on the Quantity of a Public Good
  131. Logrolling
  132. Arrow’s Impossibility Theorem
  133. Representative Democracy
  134. Elected Politicians
  135. Public Employees
  136. Special Interests
  137. Other Actors
  138. Explaining Government Growth
  139. Controlling Government Growth
  140. Conclusions
  141. Summary
  142. Exercises
  143. CHAPTER 8: FISCAL FEDERALISM
  144. Background
  145. Community Formation
  146. The Tiebout Model
  147. Tiebout’s Assumptions
  148. Tiebout and the Real World
  149. Interprovincial Fiscally Induced Migration
  150. Optimal Federalism
  151. Advantages of a Decentralized System
  152. Disadvantages of a Decentralized System
  153. Efficiency Issues
  154. Equity Issues
  155. Implications
  156. The Role of the Constitution
  157. Intergovernmental Grants
  158. The Theory of Intergovernmental Grants
  159. Conditional Grants
  160. Unconditional Grants
  161. Intergovernmental Grants in Canada
  162. Grants and Spending Behaviour
  163. Overview
  164. Summary
  165. Exercises
  166. PART FOUR: PUBLIC EXPENDITURES IN CANADA
  167. CHAPTER 9: HEALTH CARE
  168. What is Special About Health Care?
  169. The Role of Insurance
  170. The Role of Risk Pooling
  171. Asymmetric Information in the Health Insurance Market
  172. How Adverse Selection Can Cause Failure in the Insurance Market
  173. Moral Hazard and Market Failure
  174. Other Problems in the Health Care Market
  175. National Medicare in Canada
  176. The Canada Health Act
  177. The History of Canadian Health Care Financing
  178. Trends in Health Expenditures
  179. Comparing Health Systems Around the World
  180. Challenges and Future Directions
  181. Summary
  182. Exercises
  183. CHAPTER 10: EMPLOYMENT INSURANCE
  184. Unemployment in Canada
  185. The Rationale for Public Employment Insurance
  186. Market Failure in the Provision of Employment Insurance
  187. Employment Insurance as an Income Redistribution Program
  188. The History of the Canadian Employment Insurance System
  189. The Creation of the UI Program
  190. The 1971 Reforms
  191. UI: 1980 to 1994
  192. Employment Insurance Today
  193. The Labour Market Effects of Employment Insurance
  194. Direct Effects
  195. Systemic Effects
  196. Macroeconomic Effects
  197. The Distributional Effects of Employment Insurance
  198. The Distribution of Employment Insurance Benefits
  199. The Burden of EI Financing
  200. Regional Redistribution Through Employment Insurance
  201. Experience-Rated Premiums
  202. Conclusion
  203. Summary
  204. Exercises
  205. CHAPTER 11: PUBLIC PENSIONS
  206. Public Intervention in the Provision of Retirement Incomes
  207. Effects of Public Pensions on Economic Behaviour
  208. Saving Behaviour
  209. Empirical Evidence on Savings
  210. Retirement Decisions
  211. Implications
  212. The Old Age Security Program
  213. Universal versus Targeted Income Transfers
  214. Population Aging
  215. The Canada Pension Plan
  216. Analysis of the CPP Contribution Increases
  217. The 1998 Reforms to the CPP
  218. Intergenerational Redistribution through the CPP
  219. Conclusion
  220. Summary
  221. Exercises
  222. CHAPTER 12: SOCIAL WELFARE PROGRAMS
  223. Welfare Programs: Descriptions and Trends
  224. Who Needs Social Assistance?
  225. Who Receives Welfare?
  226. The Level of Social Assistance Benefits
  227. Are Welfare Incomes Adequate?
  228. Welfare Programs and Work Incentives
  229. The Basic Tradeoffs
  230. Analysis of Work Incentives
  231. Empirical Evidence on Disincentive Effects
  232. Welfare Dependence
  233. Welfare Alternatives and Ongoing Challenges
  234. Negative Income Tax
  235. Workfare
  236. Ongoing Challenges
  237. Summary
  238. Exercises
  239. CHAPTER 13: EDUCATION
  240. Justifying Government Intervention in Education
  241. Is Education a Public Good?
  242. Does Education Generate Positive Externalities?
  243. Is There a Market Power Problem?
  244. Is There an Asymmetric Information Problem?
  245. Distributional Considerations
  246. The Control and Funding of Education in Canada
  247. Elementary and Secondary Education
  248. Post-Secondary Education
  249. What does Government Intervention in Education Accomplish?
  250. More Spending, Better Performance?
  251. Education Spending and the Quality of Education
  252. Education Spending and Earnings
  253. Challenges and New Directions
  254. Summary
  255. Exercises
  256. PART FIVE: A FRAMEWORK FOR TAX ANALYSIS
  257. CHAPTER 14: TAXATION AND INCOME DISTRIBUTION
  258. Tax Incidence: General Remarks
  259. Only People Can Bear Taxes
  260. Both Sources and Uses of Income Should be Considered
  261. Incidence Depends on How Prices are Determined
  262. Incidence Depends on the Disposition of Tax Revenues
  263. Tax Progressiveness Can be Measured in Several Ways
  264. Partial Equilibrium Models
  265. Unit Taxes on Commodities
  266. Ad Valorem Taxes
  267. Taxes on Factors
  268. Commodity Taxation with Monopoly
  269. Taxes on Profits
  270. Tax Incidence and Capitalization
  271. General Equilibrium Models
  272. Tax Equivalence Relations
  273. The Harberger Model
  274. Analysis of Various Taxes
  275. Some Qualifications
  276. Applied Incidence Studies
  277. Partial Equilibrium Analysis
  278. General Equilibrium Analysis
  279. Conclusions
  280. Summary
  281. Exercises
  282. CHAPTER 15: TAXATION AND EFFICIENCY
  283. Excess Burden
  284. Excess Burden: Questions and Answers
  285. Excess Burden Measurement with Demand Curves
  286. Pre-existing Distortions
  287. The Excess Burden of a Subsidy
  288. The Excess Burden of Income Taxation
  289. Differential Taxation of Inputs
  290. Does Efficient Taxation Matter?
  291. Summary
  292. Exercises
  293. Appendix A: Formula for Excess Burden
  294. Appendix B: Multiple Taxes and the Theory of the Second Best
  295. CHAPTER 16: EFFICIENT AND EQUITABLE TAXATION
  296. Optimal Commodity Taxation
  297. The Ramsey Rule
  298. Vertical Equity
  299. Summary
  300. Optimal User Fees
  301. Summary
  302. Optimal Income Taxation
  303. Edgeworth’s Model
  304. Modern Studies
  305. Politics and the Time Inconsistency Problem
  306. Other Criteria for Tax Design
  307. Horizontal Equity
  308. Costs of Running the Tax System
  309. Tax Evasion
  310. Overview
  311. Summary
  312. Exercises
  313. PART SIX: THE CANADIAN REVENUE SYSTEM
  314. CHAPTER 17: THE PERSONAL INCOME TAX
  315. Basic Structure
  316. Defining Income
  317. Items Included in H-S Income
  318. Some Practical and Conceptual Problems
  319. Evaluating the H-S Criterion
  320. Excludable Forms of Money Income
  321. Capital Gains
  322. Employer Contributions to Benefit Plans
  323. Gifts and Inheritances
  324. Deductions and Tax Credits
  325. Child Tax Benefits
  326. Tax Credits versus Deductions
  327. Impact on the Tax Base and Taxes Payable
  328. Tax Expenditures
  329. The Simplicity Issue
  330. Rate Structure
  331. Rates and Brackets
  332. Factors Affecting Marginal Rates
  333. The Alternative Minimum Tax
  334. Effective versus Statutory Rates
  335. The Final Calculation
  336. Choice of Tax Unit
  337. Background
  338. Taxes and Inflation
  339. How Inflation Can Affect Taxes
  340. Coping With the Tax/Inflation Problem
  341. Treatment of International Income
  342. Summary
  343. Exercises
  344. CHAPTER 18: PERSONAL TAXATION AND BEHAVIOUR
  345. Labour Supply
  346. Theoretical Considerations
  347. Empirical Findings on Labour Supply
  348. Some Caveats
  349. Labour Supply and Tax Revenues
  350. Overview
  351. Saving
  352. Empirical Findings on Saving
  353. RRSPs, RPPs, TFSAs, and Saving
  354. Taxes and the Capital Shortage
  355. Housing Decisions
  356. Proposals for Change
  357. Portfolio Composition
  358. A Note on Politics and Elasticities
  359. Summary
  360. Exercises
  361. CHAPTER 19: CONSUMPTION TAXATION
  362. Overview
  363. Reasons for Consumption Taxes
  364. Administrative Considerations
  365. Efficiency Issues
  366. Equity Issues
  367. Canada’s Value-Added Tax: The GST and HST
  368. How a Value-Added Tax Works
  369. Implementation Issues
  370. Efficiency and Distributional Implications of the Rate Structure
  371. Improving the GST
  372. Provincial Broad-Based Sales Taxes
  373. Excise Taxes and Customs Duties
  374. Personal Consumption Tax
  375. Hall-Rabushka Flat Tax
  376. Administrative Issues
  377. Summary
  378. Exercises
  379. CHAPTER 20: TAXES ON WEALTH AND PROPERTY
  380. Wealth Taxes
  381. Property Taxes
  382. Property Tax Assessments
  383. Incidence and Efficiency Effects: Traditional View-Property Tax as an Excise Tax
  384. Incidence and Efficiency Effects: New View-Property Tax as a Capital Tax
  385. Incidence and Efficiency Effects: Property Tax as a User Fee
  386. Reconciling the Three Views
  387. The Future of the Property Tax
  388. Some Final Comments
  389. Summary
  390. Exercises
  391. CHAPTER 21: THE CORPORATION TAX
  392. Introduction
  393. Why Tax Corporations?
  394. Structure
  395. Corporate Income Tax Statutory Rates
  396. Wage Payments Deducted
  397. Depreciation Deducted
  398. Investment Tax Credits
  399. Treatment of Interest
  400. Treatment of Dividends
  401. Treatment of Retained Earnings
  402. Tax Expenditures under the Corporate Income Tax
  403. Effective Tax Rate on Corporate Capital
  404. Incidence and Excess Burden
  405. A Tax on Corporate Capital
  406. A Tax on Economic Profits
  407. Effects on Behaviour
  408. Total Physical Investment
  409. Types of Asset
  410. Corporate Finance
  411. Taxation of Multinational Corporations
  412. Evaluation
  413. Corporation Tax Reform
  414. The Partnership Method
  415. Other Methods
  416. Nature of the Corporation
  417. Administrative Feasibility
  418. Effects on Efficiency
  419. Effects on Saving
  420. Effects on the Distribution of Income
  421. Overview
  422. Summary
  423. Exercises
  424. Glossary
  425. References
  426. Index

 

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